Detailed Explanation of Size Restrictions for Air Cargo

The size restrictions for air cargo are crucial factors in ensuring that shipments can be safely and efficiently loaded onto aircraft. The following provides a detailed breakdown of these restrictions from the perspectives of both height and length.

I. Height Restrictions

Common Height Limit for Air Cargo
The standard height limit for general air cargo is 163 cm. To ensure smooth air transport, it is advisable to keep the packaged goods' height under 160 cm. This restriction applies to the cargo holds of both passenger and freighter aircraft, including various Unit Load Devices (ULDs) such as AKE, DPE, ALF, AMP, DQF, and AMA containers. If the cargo height does not exceed 163 cm, it typically does not require verification of size limits with the airline.

Restrictions for Exceptionally Tall Cargo
For cargo with a height between 163 cm and 305 cm, air transport feasibility depends on the type of freighter aircraft and the specific airline's policy. The main cargo deck of most freighter aircraft (e.g., B747, B767, A330) can accommodate heights up to 305 cm, making air shipment a possible option for goods ranging from 270 cm to 300 cm in height. However, it is important to note that not all freighter aircraft can carry such oversized items. Furthermore, the airline's willingness to accept the cargo and the capabilities of airport facilities are additional determining factors.

II. Length Restrictions

Definition of Overlength Cargo
In international air freight, cargo exceeding 318 cm in length is classified as overlength. Such items cannot fit into standard air cargo containers and must be placed directly on aircraft pallets, often occupying the space of more than one pallet.

Maximum Length Limit for Air Cargo
Theoretically, the maximum length for air cargo cannot exceed the internal cabin length of the aircraft, approximately 70 meters. In practice, however, for most air shipments (whether cartons, wooden crates, or pallets), there is generally no concern about aircraft compatibility if the length is 3.18 meters or less.

Confirmation for Shipping Overlength Cargo
When cargo length exceeds 318 cm, confirmation of air transport feasibility must be obtained from the airline or its agent. Small and medium-sized enterprises are advised to seek assistance from professional international air freight agents. Providing accurate information—including photos of the packaged goods, dimensions, weight, departure airport, and destination airport—is essential. These factors influence whether an airline or agent is willing to accept such overlength cargo.

Costs and Considerations for Overlength Cargo
Air freight costs for overlength cargo are typically higher. In addition to charges based on per kilogram or volumetric weight, additional fees may apply, such as:

Palletization fees

Overlength surcharges

Non-standard handling fees

Special equipment (e.g., forklift) fees

During the international air shipment of overlength cargo, special attention must be paid to details such as:

Confirming with the airline whether the cargo can be loaded.

Identifying any additional charges.

Verifying the ground handling company's experience with such operations.

Ensuring smooth coordination between all stages of the process.

In summary, air cargo size restrictions involve both height and length dimensions. To ensure successful air shipment, shippers must understand and adhere to the relevant regulations in advance. Maintaining close communication with the airline or its agent is also vital to guarantee the safe and efficient loading of cargo onto the aircraft.